Examples of landscape paintings by artists born before 1700:
Russia, North Caucasus, Maikop Burial Mound,
Vessel Decorated with Animals and a 'Landscape',
middle of the 3rd millennium
BCE,
silver, height 9.6 cm, Hermitage
Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Note the gap of nearly 2,000 - 3,000 years here.
Rome, Polyphemus and Galatea in a landscape,
c. 31 BCE
- 50 CE,
mid-Augustan, Third Style, fresco,
height 73 3/4 inches (187.33 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art,
NY. See Roman
art.
Roman, Stabiae, Landscape, c. 40 CE,
fresco "end
of Third Style", scene: 66.2-66.6 x 52.3-52.8 cm, white
border: 2-7 mm, red wall: 7.7-15.5 cm, George Ortiz collection.
Allegedly from Stabiae. See tratteggio.
Note the gap of nearly 1,500 years here.
Leonardo da Vinci (Italian, 1452-1519), Mona Lisa (La Joconde) (1479 - d. before 1550), c. 1503-1506, oil on wood panel, height 77 cm, Louvre. This most famous of paintings is important for many reasons, not least of which is the prominence Leonardo gave to its landscape background. In it he pioneered the use of aerial perspective and sfumato. See Renaissance.
Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Netherlandish,
c. 1525-1569), The Harvesters, 1565, oil
on wood panel;
overall, including added strips at top, bottom, and right, 46
7/8 x 63 3/4 inches (119 x 162 cm); original painted surface
45 7/8 x 62 7/8 inches (116.5 x 159.5 cm), Metropolitan Museum
of Art, NY. (On the Met's page, you can enlarge any detail.)
El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos) (Spanish,
born Crete, 1541-1614), View of Toledo, oil
on canvas, 47 3/4 x
42 3/4 inches (121.3 x 108.6 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art,
NY. (On the Met's page, you can enlarge any detail.) See Mannerism.
Kerstiaen de Keuninck (Flemish, c. 1560 -
1632/33), A Mountainous Landscape with a Waterfall,
probably c. 1600, oil
on wood panel,
27 1/4 x 48 inches (69.2 x 121.9 cm), Metropolitan Museum of
Art, NY.
Jan Brueghel the Elder (Flemish , 1568-1625), Latona and the Lycian Peasants, c. 1605, oil on wood panel, 37 x 56 cm, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Jan Brueghel the Elder, A Woodland Road with Travelers, 1607,
oil on wood
panel, 18 1/8 x 32 3/4 inches
(46 x 83.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY. See panorama.
Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish, 1577-1640), A Forest at Dawn with a Deer Hunt, c.
1635, oil on wood
panel, 24 1/4 x 35 1/2 inches
(61.5 x 90.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Nicolas Poussin (French, 1594-1665), Landscape with Polyphemus, oil
on canvas, 149 x 197.5
cm, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. See Baroque.
Jan Josephsz. van Goyen (Dutch, 1596-1656),
The Pelkus Gate near Utrecht, 1646, oil on wood
panel, 14 1/2 x 22 1/2 inches
(36.8 x 57.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Claude Lorrain (Claude Gellée) (French,
1600/5?-1682), Pastoral Landscape, 1638, oil
on canvas, 38 1/4 x
51 1/4 inches, Minneapolis Institute of Arts.
Claude Lorrain (Claude Gellée), View of Tivoli at Sunset, 1644, oil on canvas, 39 1/2 x 53 1/2 inches (100 x 136 cm), Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, CA. See Baroque.
Claude Lorrain (Claude Gellée), The Ford, possibly 1636, oil
on canvas, 29 1/4 x
39 3/4 inches (74.3 x 101 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Claude Lorrain (Claude Gellée), Sunrise, possibly 1646-47, oil
on canvas, 40 1/2 x
52 3/4 inches (102.9 x 134 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Claude Lorrain (Claude Gellée), View of La Crescenza, 1648-50, oil
on canvas, 15 1/4 x
22 7/8 inches (38.7 x 58.1 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Salomon van Ruysdael (Dutch, 1600-1670),
Drawing the Eel, 1650s, oil
on wood panel,
29 1/2 x 41 3/4 inches (74.9 x 106 cm), Metropolitan Museum of
Art, NY.
Aert van der Neer (Dutch, 1603/4-1677), Landscape at Sunset, oil
on canvas, 20 x 28 1/8
inches (50.8 x 71.4 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Aert van der Neer, Sports on a Frozen River, oil
on wood panel,
9 1/8 x 13 3/4 inches (23.2 x 34.9 cm), Metropolitan Museum of
Art, NY.
Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (Dutch, 1606-1669), The Stone Bridge, c. 1637, oil on panel, 29.5 x 42.5 cm, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Frans Post (Dutch, c. 1612-1680), A Brazilian Landscape, 1650, oil
on wood panel,
24 x 36 inches (61 x 91.4 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Philips Koninck (Dutch, 1619-1688), Wide River Landscape, c. 1648, oil
on canvas, 16 1/4 x
22 7/8 inches (41.3 x 58.1 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Philips Koninck, An Extensive Wooded Landscape, oil
on canvas, 32 3/4 x
44 5/8 inches (83.2 x 113.3 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art,
NY.
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael (Dutch, 1628/29-1682),
Landscape with a Village in the Distance,
1646, oil on wood
panel, 30 x 43 inches (76.2
x 109.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael, Dune Landscape with Oak Tree, 1650-55,
black chalk,
brush and gray
wash and gouache, framing lines in pen and brown ink, 8 1/4 x 7 1/2 inches (21.0
x 19.1 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael, Landscape with a Footbridge, 1652, oil on canvas, 38 3/4 x 62 5/8 inches (98.4 x 159.1 cm), Frick Collection, NY.
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael, The Forest Stream, c. 1660, oil
on canvas, 39 1/4 x
50 7/8 inches (99.7 x 129.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art,
NY.
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael, The Marsh, 1660s, oil
on canvas, 28 1/2 x
39 inches (72.5 x 99 cm), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael, Grainfields, c. 1665-69, oil
on canvas, 18 1/2 x
22 1/2 inches (47 x 57.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael, Wheat Fields, c. 1670, oil
on canvas, 39 3/8 x
51 1/4 inches (100 x 130.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
(On the Met's page, you can enlarge any detail.)
Jacob Isaacksz. van Ruisdael, Mountain Torrent, probably 1670s, oil on canvas,
21 1/4 x 16 1/2 inches (54 x 41.9 cm), Metropolitan Museum of
Art, NY.
Meindert Hobbema (Dutch, 1638-1709), Entrance to a Village, c. 1665, oil
on wood panel,
29 1/2 x 43 3/8 inches (74.9 x 110.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum
of Art, NY.
Meindert Hobbema, Woodland Road, probably c. 1670, oil on canvas,
37 1/4 x 51 inches (94.6 x 129.5 cm), Metropolitan Museum of
Art, NY.
Dao Ji (Shitao) (Chinese, 1642 - 1707 or
1708), Autumn Landscape, 1701, hanging scroll; ink
and color on paper, signatures:
Zing-Xiang chen ren, Dadizu, and Shitao; seals:
five of the artist, two of the collector Ouyang Lin dated 1907,
three of collectors in lower left, and four in the lower right
corner, Worcester Art Museum, MA. See Chinese art.
Other examples of landscapes:
Also see buckeye, landscape architecture, pastoral, picturesque, rustic, sacral-idyllic scene, and seascape.
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