MMannerism - A European art movement and style that developed between 1520 and 1600. It was a style that rejected the calm balance of the High Renaissance in favor of emotion and distortion. Works of art done in this style reflected the tension that marked Europe at this time in history.

 

Examples of works done in this style:

 

 

 

see thumbnail to leftMichelangelo (Italian, 1475-1564), Tomb of Giuliano de'Medici, 1526-1534, marble, San Lorenzo, Cappella Medicea, Florence. In the niche is the statue of Giuliano Duke of Nemours who died in 1561. Below this, reclining on Giuliano's sarcophagus, are sculptures of Night (Notte) and Day (Giorno).

 

 

Night (La Notte) [detail], marble, length of the entire figure 76 3/8 inches, 24 3/4 inches deep.

 

 

Day (Il Giorno), marble, length 72 3/4 inches (185 cm), 34 1/4 inches deep.

 

 

see thumbnail to rightMichelangelo, Tomb of Lorenzo de'Medici, marble, San Lorenzo, Cappella Medicea, Florence. This includes a statue of Lorenzo, Duke of Urbino, who died in 1519, and of the allegoric figures of Twilight and Aurora. Lorenzo is 70 1/8 inches in height, 26 3/4 inches wide, 28 3/4 inches deep.

 

 

Twilight (Il Crepuscolo) [detail], marble, the entire figure's length 76 3/4 inches, 31 1/2 inches deep.

 

 

Dawn (L'Aurora), c. 1515, marble, length 81 inches, depth 24 3/8 inches. [details of the head of Twilight: one and another.]

 

 

see thumbnail to rightJacopo Carrucci da Pontormo (Italian, Florence, 1494-1557), Halberdier (Francesco Guardi?), about 1528 - 1530, oil (or oil and tempera) on panel transferred to canvas, 36 1/4 x 28 3/8 inches (92 x 72 cm), J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu, CA.

 

 

Attributed to Jacopo Carrucci da Pontormo, Madonna and Child with Two Angels, c. 1525, oil on linden wood panel, 40 1/4 x 31 inches, Legion of Honor, San Francisco.

 

 

Giorgio Vasari (Italian, 1511-1574)

 

 

François Clouet (French, -1572)

 

 

see thumbnail to leftPaolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, Venetian, 1528-1588), Mars and Venus United by Love, oil on canvas, 81 x 63 3/8 inches (205.7 x 161 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

 

 

Giovanni da Bologna, "Giambologna" (Italian, 1529-1608)

 

 

see thumbnail to rightEl Greco (born Domenikos Theotokópoulos) (Spanish, born Crete, 1541-1614), Christ Driving the Money Changers from the Temple, about 1571-1576, oil on canvas, 46 x 59 inches, Minneapolis Institute of Arts.

 

 

see thumbnail to leftEl Greco (born Doménikos Theotokópoulos), Christ Carrying the Cross, c. 1580s (?), oil on canvas, 41 3/8 x 31 inches (105 x 79 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

 

 

 

see thumbnail to rightEl Greco (born Doménikos Theotokópoulos), The Apostles Peter and Paul, 1587-92, oil on canvas, 48 x 41 inches (121 x 105 cm), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.

 

 

El Greco (born Doménikos Theotokópoulos), St. Francis Venerating the Crucifix, c. 1595, oil on canvas, 58 x 41 1/2 inches (147.3 x 105.4 cm), Legion of Honor, San Francisco.

 

 

see thumbnail to leftEl Greco (born Doménikos Theotokópoulos), View of Toledo, oil on canvas, 47 3/4 x 42 3/4 inches (121.3 x 108.6 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY. (On the Met's page, you can enlarge any detail.)

 

 

 

see thumbnail to rightEl Greco (born Doménikos Theotokópoulos), Portrait of a Cardinal, Probably Cardinal Don Fernando Niño de Guevara (1541-1609), c. 1600, oil on canvas, 67 1/4 x 42 1/2 inches (170.8 x 108 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

 

 

see thumbnail to leftAdriaen de Vries (Dutch, about 1610-1615), Juggling Man, c. 1610 - 1615, bronze, 30 1/4 x 20 3/8 x 8 5/8 inches (77 x 51.8 x 21.9 cm), J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu, CA. See Dutch art, kunststückemachen and movement.

 

 

 

 

Also see cinquecento and isms and -ism.

 

 

 

 

 

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