Neoclassicism or neoclassicism or Neo-Classicism or neo-classicism - A French art style and movement that originated as a reaction to the Baroque in the mid-eighteenth century, and continued into the middle of the nineteenth century. It sought to revive the ideals of ancient Greek and Roman art. Neoclassic artists used classical forms to express their ideas about courage, sacrifice, and love of country.

Examples:

Nicolas Poussin (French, 1593/94-1665), Parnassus, oil on canvas, 145 x 197 cm, Prado Museum, Madrid. Poussin was a Baroque painter who was a precursor to Neoclassicism. Also see Poussinisme.

Nicolas Poussin, Landscape with Polyphemus, oil on canvas, 149 x 197.5 cm, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Giovanni Battista Piranesi (Italian, 1720-1778), The Round Tower, plate III of Carceri, 1749-1760, etching, engraving, sulphur tint or open bite, burnishing, 21 7/8 x 16 7/16 inches (55.6 x 41.8 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY. See plate.

Anton Raffael Mengs (German, 1728-1779), Perseus and Andromeda, 1777, oil on canvas, 227 x 153.5 cm, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Hubert Robert (France, 1733-1808), Landscape with Steps, 1770s, red chalk, 17 1/2 x 12 5/8 inches (44.5 x 32.1 cm), Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

Hubert Robert, The Pont du Gard, 1787, oil on canvas, 2.42 x 2.42 m, Louvre.

Jean-Antoine Houdon (French, 1741-1828), Diana the Huntress, probably between 1776 and 1795, terra cotta, height overall 75 1/2 inches (191.8 cm), height of figure 68 1/8 inches (173 cm), Frick Collection, NY. Inscribed on the top of the base in the front left corner: "HOUDON Scult."

Jacques-Louis David (French, 1748-1825), The Death of Socrates, 1787, oil on canvas, 51 x 77 1/4 inches (129.5 x 196.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY. (On the Met's page, you can enlarge any detail.) See history painting.

Jacques-Louis David, The Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon and the Coronation of Empress Josephine (December 2, 1804), 1806-1807, oil on canvas, 6.21 x 9.79 m, Louvre.

Jacques-Louis David, Sappho and Phaon, 1809, oil on canvas, 89 x 103 inches (225.3 x 262 cm), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Jacques-Louis David, Leonidas at Thermopylae, c. 1814, black chalk, squared in black chalk, 16 x 21 5/8 inches (40.6 x 54.9 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

Jacques-Louis David, Cupid and Psyche, 1817, oil on canvas, Cleveland Museum of Art.

Andrea Appiani (Italian, 1754-1817), The Apotheosis of Napoleon, 1808, black chalk, white highlights, 2.73 x 4.80 m, Louvre. see cartoon.

Antonio Canova (Italian, 1757-1822), Apollo Crowning Himself, 1781, marble, height 33 3/8 inches (84.7 cm), J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu, CA. See Apollo.

Antonio Canova, Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss (or Eros and Psyche) 1787, marble, 61 x 66 1/10 inches (155 x 168 x 101 cm), Louvre. This is the first of two versions. See the second version below. See nude.

Antonio Canova, Cupid and Psyche, 1796, marble, height 137 cm, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. This is the second of two versions. See the first version above.

Pierre-Paul Prud'hon (French, 1758-1823), The Empress Josephine (1763-1814), 1805, oil on canvas, 2.44 x 1.79 m, Louvre.

John Deare (English, 1759-98, active in Italy), Judgment of Jupiter, 1786-87, marble relief, 58 1/4 x 117 1/4 inches (148 x 297.8 cm), Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

Louis-Leopold Boilly (French, 1761-1845), A Game of Billiards, 1807, oil on canvas, 22 x 32 inches (56 x 81 cm), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. See caricature, expression, and self-portrait.

Jean-Baptiste Joseph Wicar, (French, 1762-1834), one of David's most interesting followers.

Antoine-Denis Chaudet (French, 1763-1810), Cupid, 1802-1807, marble statue, 0.805 x 0.44 x 0.84 m, Louvre.

Bertel Thorvaldsen (Danish, 1768 or 1770 - 1844), Ganymede and the Eagle, 1818-1829, marble, Minneapolis Institute of Arts.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (French, 1780-1867), Oedipus Solves the Riddle of the Sphinx, oil on canvas, 1808. See sphinx.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Joseph-Antoine Moltedo (born 1775), c. 1810, oil on canvas, 29 5/8 x 22 7/8 inches (75.2 x 58.1 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY. (On the Met's page, you can enlarge any detail.)

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, commissioned by Prince Wenzel von Kaunitz-Rietberg (Austrian Ambassador to Rome in 1818), The Kaunitz Sisters (Leopoldine, Caroline, and Ferdinandine, Austrians), 1818, graphite, 11 7/8 x 8 3/4 inches (30.1 x 22.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

Jean-August-Dominique Ingres, Portrait of Count N.D.Guriev, 1821, oil on canvas, 42 x 34 inches (107 x 86 cm), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Princesse de Broglie, 1851-1853, oil on canvas, 47 3/4 x 35 3/4 inches (121.3 x 90.8 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.

Hiram Powers (American, 1805-1873)

William Wetmore Story (American, 1819-95, active in Italy), Cleopatra, 1858, white marble, height 55 inches (139.7 cm), Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

Benjamin Paul Akers (American, 1825-1861), The Dead Pearl Diver, 1858, marble, 27 x 28 x 67 inches, Portland Art Museum, ME.

• A page about neo-classical architecture in America, c. 1780-1850.
  
  
• International Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies, also known as c18, is creating "a virtual corpus of texts and information that will provide researchers, readers and the general public with a source of reference for all aspects of eighteenth-century culture."
  
  
• Selected Readings is an online bibliography of recent books and articles about the eighteenth century across several disciplines including art history. It welcomes contributions.

Also see Empire style and isms and -ism.

https://inform.quest/_art